To e
valuate the two statements regarding the order of elements in a group, we need to understand some fundamental co
ncepts from group theory. Statement 1: **If a group has an element of order 15, it must have at least 8 elements of order 15.** **Analysis:** 1. **Order of an element:** The order of an element in a group is the smallest positive integer \( n \) such that \( g^n = e \), wher
e \( g \) is the element and \( e \) is the identity element. 2. **Cyclic Subgroup:** An element of order 15 generates a cyclic subgroup of order 15. By Lagrange's theorem, this subgroup has exactly 15 elements (including the identity). 3. **Counting Elements:** If a group has an element of order 15, it does not necessarily imply that there are at least 8 distinct elements of order 15. The cyclic group of order 15 has a total of 15 elements, but not all of them need to be of order 15. The possible orders of elements in this group can be 1, 3, 5, or 15, depending on their specific properties. Thus, it is possible to have fewer than 8 elements of order 15. For example, in a group of order 15, the o
nly element of order 15 is the generator itself, leading to the co
nclusion that Statement 1 is **False**. Statement 2: **If a group has more than 8 elements of order 15, it must have at least 16 elements of order 15.** **Analysis:** 1. **Counting Elements Again:** If a group has more than 8 elements of order 15, we need to co
nsider how elements of a given order can behave. 2. **Cyclic Subgroups:** Any element of order 15 generates a cyclic subgroup of order 15, which co
ntains exactly 15 elements. The elements of order 15 in a group will come from distinct cyclic subgroups. 3. **Cosets and Group Structure:** If there are more than 8 elements of order 15, they can come from at least one or more cyclic subgroups of order 15. However, we cannot co
nclude that for every element of order 15, there must be a correspo
nding subgroup that co
ntributes additio
nal elements. The statement does not hold universally as the presence of one or more groups can lead to overlaps in their element counts. Therefore, it is not necessarily true that havin
g more than 8 elements of order 15 implies havin
g at least 16 elements of order 15, making Statement 2 also **False**. Conclusion: Both statements are false: - Statement 1: False
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